Arduino Atmega 2560 R3 Microcontroller Board
With the MAX3421e IC, the Mega 2560 Atmega2560-16au compatible with Arduino is a microcontroller board based on the Arduino Atmega 2560 R3.
With a total of 54 digital input/output pins (including 15 PWM outputs), 16 analog inputs, and 4 UARTs, the MEGA ADK is jam-packed with features. It also boasts a 16 MHz crystal oscillator and comes equipped with a USB connection, power jack, ICSP header, and reset button. Based on the Arduino Atmega 2560 r3, this board shares many similarities with its counterparts, including the ATmega8U2 program that serves as a USB-to-serial converter. In fact, the Mega ADK revision 3 even includes a resistor that conveniently pulls the 8U2 HWB line to ground for easier DFU(Device Firmware Upgrade) mode access.
New features on the board include:
As part of the 1.0 pin-out, the shields will be able to adjust to the voltage provided by the board by adding SDA and SCL pins near the AREF pin and two new pins near the RESET pin, the IOREF. Shields in the future will be compatible with boards that use AVR, which operate at 5V, and Arduino Due, which operates at 3.3V. The second pin, which is not connected, will be used for future purposes.
Circuit with a stronger RESET.
A USB connection or an external power supply can be used to power the Arduino Atmega 2560 R3 Android Accessory Development Kit (ADK). An AC-to-DC adapter (wall-wart) or battery can be used to supply external (non-USB) power. An adapter can be connected by plugging a 2.1mm center-positive plug into the board’s power jack.
GND and Vin pin headers on the POWER connector can be inserted with battery leads. Since the Mega R3 Android Accessory Development Kit (ADK) is a USB Host, the phone will attempt to draw power from it when it needs to charge. When the ADK is powered over USB, 500mA is available for the phone and board.
Features and specifications:
Arduino Atmega 2560 r3 :
Atmel is the programmer
Microcontroller ATmega2560.
A total of 54 digital input/output terminals (14 of which have programmable PWM outputs) are available.
There are 16 analog inputs.
There are four UARTs (hardware serial ports).
A crystal clock with a frequency of -16 MHz.
A bootloader allows sketches to be downloaded via USB without having to go through an external writer.
-Powered by USB or external power supply (not supplied). The device will automatically switch between power sources.
A heavy gold plate construction is used.
The clock speed is 16 MHZ.
Bootloader uses 8 KB of the 256 KB flash memory.
The operating voltage is 6 x 12 volts.
Mega 2560 Arduino cable:
It is hot pluggable.
-Compatible with PCs.
Strain relief and PVC overmolding ensure error-free data transmissions for a lifetime.
-Aluminum under-mold shield helps meet FCC requirements for KMI/RFI interference.
-Filled and braided shield conforms to fully rated cable specifications and reduces EMI/FRI interference.
Error-free, high-performance transmission.
Case made of transparent acrylic:
MEGA2560 R3 (unassembled) compatible.
It is possible to adjust the cover.
Transparent color.
Acrylic is the material used.
The power of
The external power regulator has a maximum capacity of 1500mA. Of this, 750mA is reserved for the phone and MEGA ADK board, while the remaining 750mA is dedicated to any attached actuators and sensors. To use this amount of current, a power supply must be able to provide at least 1.5A. While the board can run on an external supply ranging from 5.5 to 16 volts, it is recommended to use between 7 and 12 volts. If supplied with less than 7V, there may be insufficient voltage output from the 5V pin, potentially causing instability in the board. On the other hand, using more than 12V may result in overheating of the voltage regulator and potential damage to the board components.
What follows is:
This pin is used to supply voltage to the Arduino board when it is powered by an external power source rather than 5 volts from the USB connection or another regulated source.
This pin generates a regulated 5V from the board’s regulator. The board can be powered via the DC power jack (7-12V), USB connector (5V), or VIN pin (7-12V). If you supply voltage via the 5V or 3.3V pins, you bypass the regulator and can damage your board. Please do not do so.
The onboard regulator generates 3.3 volts. Maximum current draw is 50 milliamps.
The ground pins are GND.
The Arduino board’s IOREF pin serves as a voltage reference for the microcontroller. In a properly configured shield, you can determine the voltage of the IOREF pin and select an appropriate power source or enable voltage translators to work with either 5V or 3.3V outputs.
The memory
It has 256 KB of flash memory for storing code (of which 8 KB is used for the bootloader), 8 KB of SRAM, and 4 KB of EEPROM (which can be read and written).
The inputs and outputs
By using pin Mode(), digital Write(), and digital Read() functions, each of the Arduino Atmega 2560 R3 Android Accessory Development Kit (ADK)’s 50 digital pins can be used as inputs or outputs. There is an internal pull-up resistor of 20-50 Ohm on each pin. They operate at 5 volts. They can provide or receive a maximum current of 40 mA. Some of the pins have specialized functions:
Serial 0: 0 (RX) and 1 (TX), Serial 1: 19 (RX) and 18 (TX), Serial 2: 17 (RX) and 16 (TX), Serial 3: 15 (RX) and 14 (TX). Connected to the ATmega8U2 USB-to-TTL Serial chip on pins 0 and 1.
External Interrupts: 2 (interrupt 0), 3 (interrupt 1), 18 (interrupt 5), 19 (interrupt 4), 20 (interrupt 3), and 21 (interrupt 2). An interrupt can be triggered on a low value, a rising or falling edge, or a change in value using the attach Interrupt() function.
Providing 8-bit PWM output with the analog Write() function for PWM values 2 to 13 and 44 to 46.
SPI: 50 (MISO), 51 (MOSI), 52 (SCK), 53 (SS). These pins support SPI communication using the SPI library. They are also broken out on the ICSP header, which is physically compatible with Uno, Duemilanove, and Diecimila.
MAX3421E is the USB host.
The Max3421E
The following pins are used to communicate with Arduino via the SPI bus:
Seven (RST), fifty (MISO), fifty one (MOSI), and fifty two (SCK) are digital.
You should not use Digital pin 7 for inputs or outputs because it is used to communicate with MAX3421E
PJ3 (GP_MAX), PJ6 (INT_MAX), PH7 (SS) are not broken out on headers.
A built-in LED is connected to digital pin 13. When the pin is HIGH, the LED is on, when it is LOW, it is off.
Supports TWI communication using the Wire library. These pins are not in the same location as the Duemilanove or Diecimila TWI pins.
Android Accessory Development Kit (ADK) with Arduino Atmega 2560 R3 has 16 analog inputs, each with a resolution of 10 bits (i.e. 1024 different values). It is possible to change the upper end of the range of the pins by using the AREF pin and analog Reference() function. Other pins on the board include:
Reference voltage for analog inputs. Use with analog reference.
Reset. This line is typically used to add a reset button to shields which block the board’s reset button.
The communication process
The Arduino Atmega 2560 R3 Android Accessory Development Kit (ADK) offers various communication options, including connecting with a computer, another Arduino, or other micro-controllers. The ATmega2560 has four hardware UARTs for TTL (5V) serial communication. Additionally, the board has an ATmega8U2 that uses USB to provide a virtual com port for computer software. For Windows machines, a .inf file may be needed but OSX and Linux machines will automatically detect the board as a COM port. In the Arduino software, there is a serial monitor feature for sending and receiving simple textual data from the board.
When data is transmitted via the ATmega8U2/16U2 chip and USB connection to the computer (but not for serial communication on pins 0 and 1), the board’s RX and TX LEDs flash. Any of the MEGA ADK’s digital pins can be serialized with a software-serial library. TWI and SPI communication are also supported by the ATmega2560. The Arduino software contains a Wire library to simplify TWI communication, see Wire library for details. For SPI communication, use the SPI library.
The USB host interface given by MAX3421E IC allows Arduino MEGA ADK to connect and interact with any type of device with a USB port. It allows you to interact with many types of phones, control Canon cameras, and interface with keyboards, mice, and gaming controllers such as Wiimote and PlayStation 3.
The programming language
For details, see the reference and tutorials. You can program the Mega R3 Android Accessory Development Kit (ADK) with Arduino software (download). You don’t need an external hardware programmer to upload new code to the ATmega2560 on the MEGA ADK since it comes preburned with a boot-loader (just like the Arduino Atmega 2560 r3). The STK500v2 protocol (references and C header files) is used for communication.
You can also bypass the bootloader and program the microcontroller through the ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming) header using Arduino ISP or similar; see these instructions for details. Atmega8U2 firmware source code is available in the Arduino repository. An ATmega8U2 is loaded with a DFU bootloader, which can be activated by:
The Rev1 boards have the following features:
Resetting the 8U2 requires connecting the solder jumper on the back of the board (near the map of Italy).
Rev2 and later boards have a resistor pulling the 8U2/16U2 HWB line to ground, making it easier to put into DFU mode. To load a new firmware, you can use the FLIP software (Windows) or the DFU programmer (Mac OS X and Linux). If you prefer, you can use the ISP header with an external programmer (overwriting the DFU bootloader). See this user-contributed tutorial for more information.
Reset (automatic) software
The Arduino Atmega 2560 r3 ADK has been designed to reset by software from a connected computer instead of requiring a physical press of the reset button before an upload. This is achieved by connecting one of the hardware flow control lines (DTR) of the ATmega8U2 to the reset line of the ATmega2560 through a 100 nano-farad capacitor. Whenever this line is asserted, causing it to drop low, the chip will be reset momentarily. The upload button in the Arduino environment makes use of this feature, enabling you to easily upload code without needing to manually press the reset button.
As a result, the boot-loader’s timeout can be reduced since DTR can be synchronized with the upload initiation. This arrangement also has additional effects when the MEGA ADK is linked to a computer running Mac OS X or Linux. Upon being connected to software via USB, the board resets and enters bootloader mode for about half a second. During this time, any non-code data will be disregarded by the programmed bootloader, but it will capture the first few bytes of data transmitted after the connection is established.
Ensure that the software your sketch is communicating with allows for a brief pause after establishing the connection before sending any initial data. The MEGA ADK has a trace that can be removed to disable the auto-reset function. Connect the pads on either side of the trace to re-enable it, labeled as RESET-EN. Alternatively, you can disable the auto-reset by connecting a 110-ohm resistor from 5V to the reset line; additional information can be found in this forum thread.
Over-current protection for USB devices
A resettable polyfuse protects your computer’s USB ports from shorts and overcurrents with the Arduino Atmega 2560 R3 Android Accessory Development Kit (ADK). In spite of the fact that most computers have their own internal protection, a fuse provides an additional layer of protection. When more than 500 mA is applied to the USB port, the fuse automatically stops the connection.
Shield compatibility and physical characteristics
The Mega R3 Android Accessory Development Kit (ADK) PCB has a maximum length and width of 4 inches and 2.1 inches respectively. The USB connector and power jack extend beyond the length, while three screw holes are available for surface or case attachment. It is important to note that the distance between digital pins 7 and 8 is 160 mil, which is not an even multiple of the standard 100 mil spacing for the other pins. Additionally, the MEGA ADK can be used with most shields designed for the Uno, Diecimila or Duemilanove boards.
The digital pins 0 to 13 (as well as the adjacent AREF and GND pins), analog inputs 0 to 5, the power header, and the ICSP header are all positioned in the same spot. In addition, the main UART (serial port) is located on the same pins (0 and 1); as are external interrupts 0 and 1 (pins 2 and 3). SPI is also available through the ICSP header on the MEGA ADK and Duemilanove / Diecimila.
On the MEGA ADK (20 and 21), I2C and D are not located on the same pins.
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